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Selection of Refractory Materials for Carbon Black Reactors

Release time:

2026-01-12 09:55

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Carbon black reactors operate under conditions characterized by high temperatures, strongly reducing atmospheres, high-velocity gas flows, carbon-containing dust, and pyrolysis products of hydrocarbons, placing stringent demands on refractory materials. Typically, these materials must exhibit high-temperature resistance, resistance to carbon erosion, thermal shock resistance, erosion resistance, and low iron and impurity content. The following are commonly used refractory material options.
I. Main Types of Refractory Materials Used

1. High-alumina refractory material

Al₂O₃ content: 70%–90%. It features high refractoriness, excellent thermal shock resistance, and strong resistance to gas-flow erosion. It is suitable for use in the reaction zone, throat, and areas subjected to high-temperature gas-flow erosion. Common types include high-alumina bricks and high-alumina castables (with low-cement or ultra-low-cement formulations).

2. Corundum-based refractory materials

Al₂O₃ ≥ 95%, featuring excellent resistance to erosion, wear, and thermal shock, as well as good resistance to reduction. It boasts a long service life and high cost performance. Commonly used in throat sections, high-speed gas flow zones, and localized areas of high temperature. Frequently employed materials include high-purity corundum bricks, corundum castables, precast corundum components, and chromic corundum bricks/chromic corundum castables.

3. Pure zirconia (ZrO₂) bricks and ZrO₂-Y₂O₃-CeO₂ composite materials

High density, high melting point, and chemically stable—used in the production of demanding specialty carbon blacks. Suitable for high-temperature applications (>1950°C, up to 2000–2100°C).

4. Thermal insulation and refractory materials

Used to reduce furnace shell temperature and minimize heat loss. Common materials include lightweight high-alumina bricks, mullite insulating bricks, lightweight castables, and ceramic fiber blankets/modules (for the low-temperature layer).

Key considerations for material selection

Thermal shock resistance: The ability to withstand rapid temperature changes caused by furnace start-ups, shutdowns, or fluctuations in operating conditions.

Erosion resistance: Resistant to chemical erosion from raw material ash, oil, gas, and other substances.

Abrasion resistance: Resistant to physical wear caused by high-speed gas flows inside the furnace.

High-alumina brick,Corundum brick,Chrome steel jade brick,Zirconia brick,High-alumina castable

Properties and Applications of Chromia-Corundum Refractories

Performance Characteristics of Refractory Materials for Blast Furnace Ceramic Cups

Properties and Applications of Chromia-Corundum Refractories

Performance Characteristics of Refractory Materials for Blast Furnace Ceramic Cups